A spark gap is a switch that can close very rapidly, transmit millions of amperes, and open rapidly. A mechanical switch that could close and open in a billionth of a second is probably impossible. The hydrogen thyratron is one switch that is superior (thousands of Hz instead of hundreds), but is a very expensive and complicated option.
Design constraints
A rounded surface is important for a properly functioning spark gap. It works like a dam that builds up pressure until it bursts. A rough surface is like a leaky dam that leaks energy and breaks early.
A heavier material would have a better connection to the capacitor (without solder). Below is the first generation- turned aluminum.
It was found that the original spark gap had some problems. The spark will prefer to travel along surface of the dielectric if the distance was increased too much (shown below). This would result in poor operation.
Design constraints
A rounded surface is important for a properly functioning spark gap. It works like a dam that builds up pressure until it bursts. A rough surface is like a leaky dam that leaks energy and breaks early.
A heavier material would have a better connection to the capacitor (without solder). Below is the first generation- turned aluminum.
It was found that the original spark gap had some problems. The spark will prefer to travel along surface of the dielectric if the distance was increased too much (shown below). This would result in poor operation.